Source: Artificial intelligence (AI) with It's Applications · Zenodo Authors: Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar, Mrs. PL. Natchiammai, Dr. R. J. Kavitha, Mrs. P. Anandavalli, Mr. D. Yobu Licence: CC-BY-4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Artificial Intelligence(AI) with it’s Applications
Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar
Assistant Professor Department of Computer Science Shri C. J. Patel College of Computer Studies (BCA), Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar ,Dist-Mehsana, Gujarat – 384315.
Mrs. PL. Natchiammai
Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Mookambigai College of Engineering Srinivasa Nagar, Kalamavur (PO), Keeranur,Pudukkottai - 622502
Dr. R. J. Kavitha
Assistant Professor (Sl. Gr.) Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering University College of Engineering Panruti Kumbakonam Highway, Panikkankuppam, Panruti, Tamil Nadu - 607106
Mrs. P. Anandavalli
Adhoc Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering University College of Engineering Panruti Kumbakonam Highway, Panikkankuppam, Panruti, Tamil Nadu - 607106
Mr. D. Yobu
Department of Computer Science and Engineering(Cyber Security)
J.J College of Engineering and Technology Trichy-620009
Title: Artificial Intelligence(AI) with it’s Applications
Author’s Name: Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar Mrs. PL. Natchiammai Dr. R. J. Kavitha Mrs. P. Anandavalli Mr. D. Yobu
Published by: QUILL TECH PUBLICATIONS,
Namakkal, 637003, Tamil Nadu, India
Publisher’s Address: QUILL TECH PUBLICATIONS,
Namakkal, 637003, Tamil Nadu, India
Printer’s Details: QUILL TECH PUBLICATIONS,
Namakkal, 637003, Tamil Nadu, India
Edition Details (I,II,III): I
ISBN: 978-93-6786-379-4
Month & Year: March, 2025
Copyright @ Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar Mrs. PL. Natchiammai Dr. R. J. Kavitha Mrs. P. Anandavalli Mr. D. Yobu
Pages: 282
Price: 850/-
Authors’ Index
Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar (B.C.A, P.G.D.C.A, M.C.A,
Ph.D.) is an accomplished academician and researcher specializing in computer science, with over 14 years of experience in teaching and research. She currently serves as an Assistant Professor at Shri C.J. Patel College of Computer Studies (BCA), Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar. Her research expertise lies in big data analytics, clustering algorithms, and AI-driven optimization techniques. Her Ph.D. work focuses on enhancing clustering algorithms for big data applications, and she has contributed extensively to UGC CARE-listed journals and international conferences. Passionate about AI, big data, and cloud computing, she actively participates in research collaborations, faculty development programs, and technical training sessions. Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar is proficient in multiple programming languages, including C, C++, Java, ASP.NET, and PHP, and works with databases such as Oracle, SQL Server, and MongoDB. As a dedicated mentor, she enjoys guiding students in research and fostering innovative approaches to AI applications. Her extensive experience in academia and technology fuels her commitment to advancing AI education and its real-world applications. In this book, "Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Its Applications," Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar explores the foundational concepts, methodologies, and diverse applications of AI, bridging the gap between theory and practical implementation.
Mrs. PL. Natchiammai is working as an Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, Mookambigai College of Engineering-Pudukkottai. She has 16 years of teaching experience. Her area of interest includes Image Processing, Embedded Systems, IoT and Machine Learning.
Dr. R. J. Kavitha working as an Assistant professor(Sl. Gr.) in the department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at the University College of Engineering Panruti (A Constituent college of Anna University, Chennai).She completed her B. E., ECE in GCE, Salem. M. E., Optical Communication in ACCET,Karaikudi, PhD in Anna University, Chennai.She has 25 yeras of teaching experience. She has published more than 50 publications in the national, international journals and conferences. Her area of interests are Wirless networks, Electronic devices& Circuits and Artificial intelligence.
Mrs. P. Anandavalli working as an Adhoc Assistant Professor in the department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at University College of Engineering Panruti. She completed B. E., ECE and M. E., Applied Electronics. She is pursuing her Ph. D., in Anna University. She has 18 years of teaching experience.She has published 10 national, international and conference papers. Her area of interests are Wireless networks, VLSI chip and Design and Artificial intelligence.
Mr. D. Yobu is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security) at J.J. College of Engineering and Technology, Tiruchirappalli. With over 12 years of experience in academia, he has made significant contributions to research and education. He is an actively engaging in knowledge sharing and academic collaborations.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The completion of this book on Artificial Intelligence has been a fulfilling and enlightening journey, made possible through the support, encouragement, and contributions of many individuals and communities. We extend our deepest gratitude to all those who have played a role in bringing this work to fruition.
First and foremost, we express our sincere appreciation to our friends, colleagues, and mentors, whose invaluable guidance, insightful feedback, and unwavering encouragement have greatly enriched the depth and scope of this book. Their expertise has helped shape a comprehensive exploration of AI, covering both fundamental concepts and advanced applications.
We are profoundly grateful to our families for their unconditional love, patience, and support throughout this endeavor. Their belief in our work and their sacrifices have provided the strength and motivation needed to complete this book.
Our heartfelt thanks also go to the broader research and academic communities, whose groundbreaking work in artificial intelligence has laid the foundation for the knowledge presented in this book. Their continuous innovations and discoveries have inspired us to delve deeper into the subject and present it in a meaningful and accessible manner.
Furthermore, we acknowledge the role of AI itself in enhancing research, facilitating knowledge discovery, and streamlining the writing process. AI-driven tools have played a crucial role in refining content, analyzing data, and ensuring clarity and coherence, demonstrating the very impact of the field we seek to explore.
Finally, we give thanks to Almighty God for His wisdom, guidance, and blessings throughout this journey. His grace has been our sustaining force in overcoming challenges and ensuring the successful completion of this book on Artificial Intelligence.
We hope this book serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, researchers, and professionals, helping them navigate and contribute to the ever-evolving field of artificial intelligence.
Dr. Dipikaben Umakant Thakar Mrs. PL. Natchiammai Dr. R. J. Kavitha Mrs. P. Anandavalli Mr. D. Yobu
Index
Chapter No. Topics Page No. 1 Introduction to AI and Production Systems 1 - 71 1.1 Introduction to AI 1 1.2 Formulation and Definition of the Problem 9 1.3 System of Production 18 1.4 Methods of Search 23 1.5 Strategy for Control 35 1.6 Heuristic Search 35 1.7 Hill Climbing Search 48 1.8 Issues with Constraint Satisfaction 52 2 Representation of Knowledge 72 - 100 2.1 Game playing 72 2.2 Knowledge Representation 78 2.3 Understanding using Predicate Logic 86 2.4 Overview of Predicate Calculus 92 2.5 Resolution 95 2.6 Structured Representation of Knowledge 99 3 Structured Knowledge Representation, Handling Uncertainty and Bayesian Theory 101 - 161 3.1 Overview of Structured Knowledge Representation Techniques 101 3.2 Weak-Slot and Filler Structures 102 3.3 Strong Slot and Filler Structures 120 3.4 CYC 134 3.5 Schema 137 3.6 Introduction to Handling Uncertainity 138 3.7 Probabilistic Reasoning 144
4 Planning and Machine Learning 162 - 184
4.1 Basic Plan Generation Systems 162 4.2 Strips 167 4.3 Advanced Plan generation systems 170 4.4 K strips 177 4.5 Learning 178 5 Expert System 185 - 230 5.1 Expert System 185 5.2 Expert System Architecture 189 5.3 Expert System Shell 196 5.4 Explanation 197 5.5 Knowledge Engineering 202 5.6 Building Expert System 220 5.7 Expert System Case Study 223 6 Applications of AI in Various Fields 231 - 282 6.1 Heart Disease Prediction Using Logistic Regression 231 6.2 Credit Card Fraud Detection 237 6.3 Autism Prediction 245 6.4 Wine Quality Prediction 264 6.5 Calories Burnt Prediction 274
=== CHAPTER-1Introduction to AI and